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基于流量均匀性的要求,对一种太阳能高温吸热器进行结构优化设计。基于蒙特卡洛光线跟踪法及光线的镜面反射定律,数值模拟分析吸热管壁面热流分布。施加壁面热流边界,以氦气为工质数值计算该吸热器的流动换热性能。结果表明:吸热器优化结构能满足换热工质在吸热细管中流动的流量不均匀性小于5%的要求;吸热器壁面热流梯度较大,不宜采用等热流假设进行计算;氦气的出口温度分布均匀,整个出口氦气的平均温度约为1125K,最大温差为50K。
Based on the requirements of flow uniformity, a kind of solar energy high temperature heat absorber is structurally optimized. Based on the Monte Carlo ray tracing method and the specular reflection law of light, the heat flow distribution on the wall of the heat absorption pipe was numerically simulated. The heat flow boundary of the wall is applied, and the heat transfer performance of the heat absorber is calculated by using helium as working fluid. The results show that the optimized structure of the heat absorber can meet the requirements of less than 5% of the non-uniform flow rate of the heat transfer medium in the heat-absorbing thin tube. The gradient of the heat flux in the wall of the heat absorber is relatively large and should not be calculated by the isothermal heat flow hypothesis. Gas outlet temperature distribution, the average outlet temperature of helium is about 1125K, the maximum temperature difference of 50K.