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目的了解医院体检人员、门诊和住院患者中乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)和梅毒螺旋体(TP)感染及分布情况,为临床安全提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2013年1月-2015年12月医院体检人员及门诊和住院患者HBV、HCV、HIV和TP感染状况。结果三年就诊病人总的感染阳性率在10%以上,其中在门诊就诊的病人四种感染性疾病的阳性率明显高于体检人员和住院患者。门诊就诊的病人HBV、HCV、HIV和TP的阳性率分别为13.01%、2.38%、0.37%和7.99%,住院患者这几种疾病的阳性率分别为4.84%、1.02%、0.11%和1.97%,体检病人的阳性率分别为2.85%、0.16%、0.00%和0.64%。结论医院门诊就诊的病人传染性疾病阳性率明显高于住院病人和体检人员,门诊护士更应加强安全知识和技能的训练,加强自我防护意识,防止发生血液传播引起的职业感染。
Objective To understand the infection and distribution of Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Treponema pallidum (TP) in hospital medical staff, outpatients and inpatients, so as to provide reference for clinical safety in accordance with. Methods A retrospective analysis of HBV, HCV, HIV and TP infection among hospital medical staff, outpatients and inpatients from January 2013 to December 2015 was conducted. Results The positive rate of the total infection in the three-year visiting patients was over 10%. The positive rate of the four infectious diseases in outpatients was significantly higher than that of the medical staff and inpatients. The positive rates of HBV, HCV, HIV and TP in outpatients were 13.01%, 2.38%, 0.37% and 7.99% respectively. The positive rates of these diseases were 4.84%, 1.02%, 0.11% and 1.97% , The positive rate of medical examination were 2.85%, 0.16%, 0.00% and 0.64% respectively. Conclusions The positive rate of infectious diseases in hospital outpatients is significantly higher than that of inpatients and medical staffs. Outpatient nurses should strengthen the training of safety knowledge and skills, strengthen self-protection awareness and prevent occupational infections caused by blood transmission.