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在专业的民族学和人类学家看来,种族和民族是两个截然不同的概念,前者主要考虑生物因素,后者主要考虑文化因素。但在复杂的现实世界中,这两个概念都被人们赋予了许多种含义,在使用中又有许多瓜葛。本文主要从种族和民族的定义、基本特征、形成原因和形成时期、划分依据、分布特点、演化速度等方面论述二者之间的区别。
In the view of professional ethnology and anthropologists, race and nation are two very different concepts, the former mainly considering biological factors, the latter mainly considering cultural factors. But in the complex real world, these two concepts have been given many kinds of meanings by people, and they have a lot of connections in use. This article mainly discusses the differences between the two in terms of the definition of racial and ethnic groups, basic characteristics, causes of formation and formation period, division basis, distribution characteristics and evolution speed.