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“以铜为镜,可以正衣冠;以史为镜,可以知兴亡”。在新中国成立60周年之际,从财政变迁的视角研究中国历史的兴衰与教训具有极其重要的现实意义。本文从分析中国封建王朝盛衰呈周期性变化的原因入手;进而重点分析了中国近代由盛转衰的原因,认为封建等级制度强化、官民权益差距大、地权高度集中、君臣奢侈、吏治败坏、列强入侵、掠夺等是造成中国近代由盛转衰的主要原因;最后提出了居安思危、规范改革行为、维护国家权益、尊重人民主体地位的一些政策建议。
“To copper as a mirror, you can dress; history as a mirror, you can know the rise and fall.” On the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China, studying the rise and fall of Chinese history and lessons from the perspective of fiscal changes is of extremely important practical significance. This article analyzes the reasons for the cyclical changes in the ups and downs of the Chinese feudal dynasty; and then focuses on the reasons for the decline and decline of modern China, that feudal hierarchical system to strengthen the gap between government and civil rights, land ownership is highly concentrated, monarchy extravagance, The invasion and predation by the powers and strongholds are the main causes of the decline and decline of modern China. Finally, some policy suggestions on how to be vigilant, standardize the reform, safeguard the rights and interests of the country, and respect the status of the people’s subject are put forward.