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目的分析台州市围产儿死亡情况及影响因素,为降低围产儿死亡率提供依据。方法收集台州市2012—2016年围产儿死亡监测资料、出生缺陷报表及非户籍孕产妇健康状况报表进行回顾性分析,比较不同年份、户籍和地区围产儿死亡率、出生缺陷率和高龄产妇比例等指标,分析围产儿死亡的影响因素。结果 2012—2016年台州市围产儿平均死亡率为6.80‰,呈下降趋势(P<0.01);流动人口围产儿死亡率(9.28‰)高于本地人口(5.64‰)(P<0.01)。高龄产妇比例为10.30%,呈上升趋势(P<0.01),高龄产妇围产儿死亡率为10.60‰,高于围产儿平均死亡率(P<0.01)。围产儿首位死因是出生缺陷,出生缺陷率为35.86‰,呈上升趋势(P<0.01),但出生缺陷死亡率呈下降趋势(P<0.01)。台州市各县(市、区)围产儿死亡率、出生缺陷率、男女性别比和高龄产妇比例差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。流动人口围产儿母亲的年龄相对较小、文化程度低、孕产次多和建卡孕周晚(均P<0.01)。结论台州市围产儿死亡率呈逐年下降趋势;高龄产妇、出生缺陷和流动人口是围产儿死亡的主要影响因素。
Objective To analyze perinatal deaths and its influencing factors in Taizhou City and provide the basis for reducing the perinatal mortality rate. Methods The data of perinatal death monitoring, birth defect report and non-household maternal health report from 2012 to 2016 in Taizhou were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The perinatal mortality, birth defect rate and the proportion of elderly women in different age, household and district were compared Indicators to analyze the influencing factors of perinatal death. Results The average perinatal mortality rate was 6.80 ‰ in Taizhou from 2012 to 2016, with a decreasing trend (P <0.01). The perinatal mortality rate (9.28 ‰) in floating population was higher than that of the local population (5.64 ‰) (P <0.01). The proportion of elderly mothers was 10.30%, showing an increasing trend (P <0.01). The perinatal mortality rate was 10.60% in older mothers, which was higher than the average perinatal mortality rate (P <0.01). The first cause of perinatal death was birth defects, the birth defect rate was 35.86 ‰, an upward trend (P <0.01), but the mortality rate of birth defects showed a downward trend (P <0.01). Perinatal mortality rate, birth defect rate, sex ratio of male to female and the proportion of elderly mothers in all counties (cities and districts) in Taizhou were significantly different (P <0.01). The number of migrant mothers in the floating population is relatively young with low educational level, multiple secondary births and gestational weeks of pregnancy (all P <0.01). Conclusion The perinatal mortality rate in Taizhou is decreasing year by year. Elderly maternal age, birth defects and floating population are the main influencing factors of perinatal death.