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随着全球化的不断深入,类似大气污染、水污染这样的环境问题已经不能依靠单个国家的力量来加以有效应对,多边环境协议(MEAs)的签署成为必然。而为了有效实现保护环境的目的,多边环境协议中规定了不同种类的贸易措施,这类贸易措施常常被认为是消极的、强制的甚至是惩罚性的,而且会使发达国家、发展中国家和环保团体处于紧张的对立局面,不利于国际贸易的正常进行。本文针对有代表性的多边环境协议中的贸易条款展开分析,从发展中国家的视角评论其中涉及的贸易限制措施及其对国际贸易和世界贸易组织产生的深远影响。
With the deepening of globalization, environmental issues such as air pollution and water pollution can no longer be dealt with effectively by the power of individual countries. The signing of Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) is inevitable. In order to effectively achieve the purpose of environmental protection, multilateral environmental agreements stipulate different types of trade measures. Such trade measures are often considered as negative, mandatory and even punitive, and will make developed countries, developing countries and Environmental groups are in a tense opposition and are not conducive to the normal conduct of international trade. This article analyzes the terms of trade in representative multilateral environmental agreements and comments on the trade restrictions involved in them and their far-reaching implications for international trade and the World Trade Organization from a developing country perspective.