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本文旨在说明汉语音韵史上和现代方言中三种不同类型的“麻佳同韵”。(1)类型Ⅰ是中古金陵音系的反映,除了见于日译吴音、古汉越语,在现代吴语和闽语中分别以特字白读(扩散式音变)和音类白读(连续式音变)来体现。(2)类型Ⅱ来自晚唐北方官话,多见于北部吴语,具体表现为麻二见组字与佳韵同韵,属条件音变,与类型Ⅰ性质迥异。该层次还见于日译汉音、汉越音及现代闽语(文读)、新湘语、江淮官话、西南官话等。(3)类型Ⅲ出现于宋元以后,只是个别佳韵字读人麻韵,没有系统性和音变条件可言。
The purpose of this article is to illustrate three different types of “Ma Ji Tong Yun” in the history of Chinese phonology and modern dialects. (1) Type I is a reflection of the Middle Jinling phonology, except that it is found in Wuyin and Ancient Han Vietnamese in Japanese, and in modern Wu and Min dialects, respectively, with special characters (diffuse phonetic) and phonetic reading Sound changes) to reflect. (2) Type II comes from the northern Mandarin in the late Tang Dynasty, which is more common in the northern Wu dialects. It manifests itself as the same rhyme of Ma Erjian group with Jia Yun, which belongs to the condition of sound variation, which is very different from the type Ⅰ. The level is also found in Japanese-Chinese transliteration, Han Yue Yin and modern Min language (reading), the new Xiang language, Jianghuai Mandarin, Southwest Mandarin. (3) Type III appeared after the Song and Yuan Dynasties, only a few good rhyme words people Ma Yun, there is no systematic and sound-changing conditions at all.