众所周知,金刚石和石墨的化学组成都是碳(C),但它们所表现的一系列性质却截然不同。造成这种情况的根本原因,在于两者具有明显不同的晶体结构。象金刚石和石墨这样化学组成相同的物质,在不同的物理化学条件下形成结构不同之晶体的现象,就是通常所称的同质多象现象(polymorphism,亦译为多晶或多形现象;又称同质异象现象 heteromorp-hism);对于化学组成相同而内部结构不同的晶体, It is well known that the chemical composition of diamond and graphite is carbon (C), but the series of properties they exhibit are quite different. The fundamental reason for this is that the two have distinctly different crystal structures. The phenomenon of forming crystals with different structures under different physicochemical conditions, such as diamond and graphite, with the same chemical composition, is commonly referred to as polymorphism (polymorphism or polymorphism); Said heteroomorp-hism); for the chemical composition of the same internal structure and different crystals,