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目的探讨大鼠慢性型门脉高压性胃粘膜出血的发生方式．方法观察肝硬变门脉高压（ＬＣＰＨＴ）鼠在饥饿１２ｈ～３６ｈ后胃粘膜出血灶的肉眼形态、低倍光镜下形态、组织学改变及其与胃粘膜微循环单位的关系．结果①大鼠胃粘膜微血管呈蜘蛛样构型，ＬＣＰＨＴ鼠的构型中心血管和分支血管明显扩张瘀血．②受致损害因素作用ＬＣＰＨＴ鼠易发生广泛的粘膜出血．③新鲜出血灶肉眼形态呈点状（＜１ｍｍ）、线状或出血斑（＞１ｍｍ），低倍光镜下呈筛网状或与蜘蛛样构型形态一致．出血灶形态大小与受损的构型单位数有关．④出血灶局部胃粘膜有表层上皮脱落增多和毛细血管扩张瘀血及渗血，出血灶周围粘膜上皮及微血管超微结构与对照相似，但微血管周围间隙及上皮细胞间隙增大．结论微血管蜘蛛样构型是大鼠胃粘膜微循环的功能和解剖单位，也是致损害因素攻击的靶目标．ＬＣＰＨＴ鼠胃粘膜微循环单位的分支血管易受致损害因素作用而发生广泛渗血，并常伴有粘膜上皮的损害．受累微循环单位的个数、空间分布以及出血后相互融合程度可能是大鼠胃出血灶肉眼所见形态及出血严重性的决定因素
Objective To investigate the occurrence of chronic portal hypertensive gastric mucosal hemorrhage in rats. Methods The morphological and histological changes of gastric mucosal hemorrhagic lesions of rats with cirrhosis and portal hypertension (LCPHT) after starvation for 12h ~ 36h were observed under light microscope. Results ① The gastric mucosal microvessels were spider-like in configuration. The central and branch vessels of LC-PHT rats were obviously dilated. ② caused by damage to the role of factors LC PHT rats prone to extensive mucosal bleeding. ③ The fresh hemorrhagic lesions were dotted (<1mm), linear or hemorrhagic spots (> 1mm). The morphology of the fresh hemorrhage was meshed or under the condition of spider-like configuration. The size of the hemorrhagic lesions is related to the number of configuration units damaged. ④ local gastric mucosa bleeding epithelial shedding increased capillary expansion and bleeding and bleeding, mucosal epithelial and microvascular microvascular structure around the hemorrhage and ultrastructure similar to the control, but the microvessel clearance and epithelial cell gap increased. Conclusions The microvascular spider-like configuration is a functional and anatomical unit of gastric mucosal microcirculation in rats and is also a target of attack by damaging factors. LC PHT rat gastric mucosal microcirculation branch of the blood vessels vulnerable to damage caused by a wide range of bleeding and often accompanied by mucosal epithelial damage. The number of affected microcirculation units, their spatial distribution, and their degree of confluence after hemorrhage may be determinants of gross morphology and bleeding severity in the rat gastric hemorrhage