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崩壁是崩岗侵蚀的重要组成部分,为了研究崩壁不同土层的溅蚀特征,采用自制雨滴发生装置模拟不同直径雨滴,分析了不同雨滴大小和雨强下崩壁3个土层溅蚀量、溅蚀土壤颗粒特征的差异。结果表明:崩壁3个土层的溅蚀土粒均大都分布在0—5cm的范围内,其中,红土层的溅蚀量随雨滴强度的变化率最大,碎屑层次之,砂土层最小;通过双因素方差分析可知,土壤特性对溅蚀量的影响大于雨滴强度;溅蚀土粒中砂粒(0.05~2mm)百分比最大,而黏粒(<0.002mm)百分比最小,可以推测出使溅蚀量达到最大的粒径范围;崩壁3个土层的溅蚀土粒中,随着溅蚀距离的增加,砾石(>2mm)最不易被溅移,粉粒(0.002~0.05mm)和黏粒(<0.002mm)最易被溅移。
Collapse wall is an important part of collapsing erosion. In order to study the characteristics of splash erosion in different layers of collapsing wall, self-made raindrops devices are used to simulate different diameter raindrops. The effects of different raindrop sizes and rainfall intensity on the erosion of three soil layers are analyzed Differences in particle characteristics of sputtered soil. The results show that most of the splashed soil particles in the three layers are distributed in the range of 0-5 cm. Among them, the rate of splashed erosion in the red soil layer is the largest with the droplet intensity, and the lowest is the debris layer and the lowest is the sand layer . By two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA), soil characteristics had greater influence on the amount of sputter erosion than the intensity of raindrops. The percentage of sand particles (0.05-2 mm) was the largest in the sputtered soil and the percentage of clay particles (<0.002 mm) The gravel (> 2mm) was the most difficult to be splashed with the splash distance increasing, and the particles (0.002 ~ 0.05mm) and Sludge (<0.002mm) most likely to be splashed.