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Background Her-2/neu gene overexpression has been found in several malignancies,and is associated with poor prognosis; while its role in the tumorigenesis and progression of prostate cancer (PCa) is still controversial.This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of Her-2/neu protein expression and clinicopathologic factors in antiandrogen-treated Chinese men with PCa for disease progression and PCa-specific death.Methods Her-2/neu protein expression was determined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in specimens collected from 124 prostate biopsies and transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) from seven prostate cancer patients.Results Her-2/neu protein expression was 0,1+,2+,and 3+ in 40 (30.5％),8 (6.1％),67 (51.1％),and 16 (12.2％) cases,respectively.Her-2/neu protein expression showed significant correlation as judged by Gleason score (P=0.049),clinical tumor-node-metastases (cTNM) stage (P=0.018) and disease progression (P=0.001),but did not correlate with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (P=0.126) or PCa-specific death (P=0.585).PSA (P=0.001),Gleason score (P=0.017),cTNM (P=0.000) and Her-2/neu protein expression (P=0.001) had prognostic value for evaluating the progression of PCa in univariate analysis.In Kaplan-Meier plots,both Gleason score (P=0.035) and cTNM (P=0.013) correlated with PCa-specific death.In multivariate analysis,only cTNM was significant for both disease progression (P=0.001) and PCa-specific death (P=0.031).Conclusions Her-2/neu protein expression is significantly correlated with Gleason score,cTNM and disease progression,although it is not an independent predictor of disease progression and PCa-specific death.cTNM staging serves as an independent prognostic factor for disease progression and PCa-specific death.