论文部分内容阅读
葡萄座腔菌科(Botryosphaeriaceae)真菌是农业和林业上重要的病原菌、内生真菌或潜在的致病菌,主要引起树木溃疡病。这类真菌种类繁多,寄主范围广,广泛分布于全球,在生态系统中占有重要的地位。综述了近年来国内外在葡萄座腔菌科的分子生态学研究方面取得的新进展。介绍了葡萄座腔菌科真菌物种鉴定及其研究方法方面的发展,并列出了2006年以来发现的6个新属和38个新种;概述了该科各个种、属之间的系统发育关系以及科内区分的18个群。在真菌种群遗传结构及其与寄主关系方面,已有研究表明葡萄座腔菌科真菌大体可分为寄主专化型和广谱寄生型两种类型,并已经揭示了无性型为Diplodia,Lasiodiplodia和Dothiorella等部分种群的遗传结构及它们与寄主之间的联系。在种内遗传多样性和基因流动研究方面,展示了利用ISSR、SSR等分子标记方法取得的一些重要结果,有些种群(如Lasiodiplodia theobromae)没有寄主专化性,它们在不同寄主间表现出很强的基因流动,但在不同区域内的基因交流却很有限。讨论了该科分子生态学研究有待进一步解决的问题。
Botryosphaeriaceae The fungus is an important pathogen, endophytic fungus or potential pathogen in agriculture and forestry, causing mainly tree ulcer disease. A wide range of these fungi, host a wide range of widely distributed in the world, occupy an important position in the ecosystem. In this paper, the recent advances in the molecular ecology of Sauvidae were reviewed. This paper introduced the development of the identification and research methods of the fungal species of Bacteroides spp., And also listed 6 new genera and 38 new species discovered since 2006. The phylogenetic relationships among all species and genera of this family were summarized Relations and Section 18 Division. In the genetic structure of fungal population and its relationship with the host, there have been studies have shown that the grape can be divided into the host of Acinetobacter specializes and broad-spectrum parasitic two types, and has revealed the anamorph of Diplodia, Lasiodiplodia and Dothiorella and other parts of the genetic structure of the population and their relationship with the host. In the field of intraspecific genetic diversity and gene flow studies, some important results obtained using ISSR, SSR and other molecular markers are shown. Some populations (eg Lasiodiplodia theobromae) have no host specificity and they show strong performance among different hosts Of the gene flow, but in different regions of the gene exchange is very limited. This paper discusses the issues to be further solved in the study of molecular ecology.