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目的分析0~3岁毛细支气管炎患儿发病的临床特点,为临床诊断与治疗提供依据。方法对2011年6月—2013年6月惠州市第一妇幼保健院收治确诊为毛细支气管炎80例患儿的临床资料进行回顾,对患儿流行病学资料、临床表现、症状、体征及辅助检查等内容进行统计学分析。结果毛细支气管炎疾病多发于冬春季;症状以咳嗽、喘憋及肺部听诊哮鸣音为主,占发病人群的100%;痰培养显示细菌感染率为33.7%,肺炎支原体感染率为13.7%;抗菌药物仅限制应用于痰培养显示阳性的患儿,临床治疗药物主要以糖皮质激素激素联合β2受体激动剂为基础,并进行对症治疗。结论 0~3岁毛细支气管炎患儿发病具有季节性规律,且临床症状以咳嗽、喘憋及肺部听诊哮鸣音为主,应密切分析感染类型,为合理用药提供依据。
Objective To analyze the clinical features of children aged 0-3 years with bronchiolitis and provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods The clinical data of 80 cases diagnosed as bronchiolitis were collected from June 2011 to June 2013 in Huizhou First Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. The epidemiological data, clinical manifestations, symptoms, signs and assisting Inspection and other content for statistical analysis. Results Bronchiolitis was predominant in winter and spring. The symptoms were mainly cough, wheezing and austral lung auscultation, accounting for 100% of the patients. The sputum culture showed 33.7% of bacterial infections and 13.7% of mycoplasma pneumoniae infections ; Antimicrobial drugs only limited the use of sputum culture showed positive children, clinical treatment of drugs mainly glucocorticoid hormone combined with β2 receptor agonists, and symptomatic treatment. Conclusions Children with bronchiolitis 0 ~ 3 years old have a seasonal pattern, and the clinical symptoms are cough, wheezing and lung australis wheeze. The type of infection should be closely analyzed to provide a basis for rational drug use.