过去的若干年中,我们关于语言的概念、继而是文学作品的概念(至少其现象的存在归因于其使用的同一语言),事实上已经(或正在)发生某种变化。这种转变显然与当前(其他众多学科中的)语言学、人类学、马克思主义和精神分析学的发展密切相关(这里的“相关”概念是中立地加以使用的:不作出某种决断,而是让它保持多义和辨证)。新的东西以 In the past few years, our concept of language, and then the concept of literary work (at least the existence of which has been attributed to the same language it uses), has in fact (or is changing) somehow. This shift is clearly linked to the current developments in linguistics, anthropology, Marxism and psychoanalysis (among many other disciplines) (where the notion of “relevance ” is used neutrally: no decision is taken , But let it remain polysemic and dialectical). New thing to