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[摘要] 目的 通过观察缬沙坦对高糖环境下足细胞EMT过程中ILK、MMP9、NEPH1 mRNA表达的影响,探讨缬沙坦保护受高糖损伤足细胞的可能机制。 方法 将培养分化成熟的足细胞随机分为5 mmol/L 葡萄糖培养组(对照组)和25 mmol/L 葡萄糖培养组(高糖组),在25 mmol/L葡萄糖培养液中分别加入2×10-7 mol/L (低Val组)、2×10-6 mol/L (中Val组)和2×10-5 mol/L(高Val组)缬沙坦。体外培养48 h后,倒置显微镜观察细胞形态,并采用PCR半定量分析技术检测ILK、MMP9、NEPH1的表达。 结果 高糖组细胞NEPH1的表达较对照组显著减少(P<0.01)。而各剂量缬沙坦干预组NEPH1的表达与高糖组相比均显著升高。与对照组比较,高糖组足细胞ILK和MMP9的表达显著升高,而各剂量缬沙坦干预组足细胞ILK和MMP9的表达对比高糖组均明显减少(P<0.01),其中以高Val组的干预作用最显著(P<0.01),高Val组ILK和MMP9的表达与对照组无明显差异(P>0.05)。 结论 缬沙坦可能通过抑制ILK通路保护高糖环境下受损的足细胞。
[关键词] 缬沙坦;足细胞;高糖;上皮-间充质转分化
[中图分类号] R587.2;R692 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)33-0035-05
[Abstract] Objective To observe the effect of valsartan on ILK, MMP9 and NEPH1 mRNA expression during the EMT process of podocytes under high glucose environment, and to explore the possible mechanism of valsartan in protecting the podocytes from high glucose. Methods The differentiated mature podocytes were randomly divided into 5 mmol/L glucose culture group (control group) and 25 mmol/L glucose culture group (high glucose group). 2×10-7 mol/L valsartan (low Val group), 2×10-6 mol/L valsartan (medium Val group) and 2×10-5 mol/L (high Val group) valsartan were added to 25 mmol/L glucose culture medium. After 48 hours of in vitro culture, the cell morphology was observed by inverted microscope, and the expression of ILK, MMP9 and NEPH1 were detected by PCR semi-quantitative analysis. Results The expression of NEPH1 in high glucose group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.01). The expression of NEPH1 in each dose of valsartan intervention group was significantly higher than that in high glucose group. Compared with the control group, the expression of ILK and MMP9 of podocytes in the high glucose group was significantly increased, and the expression of ILK and MMP9 of podocytes in each dose of valsartan intervention group was significantly lower than that in high glucose group(P<0.01). The intervention effect in high Val group was the most significant(P<0.01). The expression of ILK and MMP9 in high Val group was not significantly different from that in control group(P>0.05). Conclusion Valsartan may protect the podocytes from the high glucose environment by inhibiting the ILK pathway.
[Key words] Valsartan; Podocytes; High glucose; Epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation
糖尿病腎病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)是糖尿病主要并发症之一,属于微血管病变的一种,以蛋白尿为主要表现。蛋白尿的形成,其组织学基础可归纳为足细胞足突融合、脱落,致使肾小球滤过屏障受损。足细胞通过已分化上皮细胞向间充质细胞转分化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT),失去nephrin、P-cadherin和NEPH1-3等上皮细胞特征性蛋白的表达,而上调间充质细胞样表型标志蛋白如整合素连接激酶(ILK)、成纤维细胞特殊蛋白l(fibroblast-specific protein l,FSP-1)和基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)等的表达,是损伤肾小球滤过屏障的关键因素[1]。足细胞的EMT过程存在并影响着DN的进程[2]。研究[3]证实,当足细胞的EMT过程被抑制,足细胞其正常的上皮细胞表型能得以恢复,蛋白尿也随之减少。如何逆转该过程,是目前众多学者的研究热点。 2016版《糖尿病肾病防治专家共识》中,推荐ACEI/ARB作为DN控制血压的药物应用,在肯定其降压效果的同时,鉴于临床文献的缺乏,对其降低尿微量白蛋白的作用不置可否。缬沙坦作为ARB类代表性的药物,在DN的治疗中应用多年,其降低尿微量白蛋白的疗效有目共睹。除降压效果之外,缬沙坦是否能有效减少DN蛋白尿的形成、减慢肾小球滤过率的下降, 延缓DN的进展,从而保护肾脏功能,这值得我们进一步探讨。
本文通过观察ILK、MMP9、NEPH1在不同浓度缬沙坦干预高糖环境下足细胞中的表达变化,探讨缬沙坦除降压之外,治疗DN的可能作用机制。
1 材料与方法
1.1材料来源
1.1.1 细胞与试剂 小鼠的肾小球足细胞由英国伦敦大学国王学院Guy’ s 医院赠送,缬沙坦原粉由诺华生物制药有限公司提供;10%胎牛血清购自杭州四季青公司,RPMI 1640培养液购自美国Gibco公司,γ-干扰素购自美国 PEPRO Tech公司;SDS-PAGE凝胶试剂盒购自北京普利莱基因技术有限公司,RT-PCR试剂盒购自日本TaKaRa公司,Trizol提取试剂盒来自美国Invitrogen公司。引物合成PRIMER5.0引物软件设计,由上海生物工程公司合成。
1.1.2 仪器 ABI7900 实时定量荧光 PCR 仪器(美国 ABI 公司);X70光学显微镜(日本Olympus公司);PowerPac Basic WB电泳仪(美国BIO-RAD公司产品),GEL DOC凝胶成像系统。
1.2方法
1.2.1 细胞培养 常规操作复苏小鼠肾小球足细胞,加入含有5 mL 10% FCS1640培养液的25 cm2培养瓶中培养,每培养瓶中含有γ-干扰素500 U,培养箱孵育条件为33℃、5%CO2,细胞增殖后进行传代,细胞传代用0.25%胰蛋白酶-0.02
[关键词] 缬沙坦;足细胞;高糖;上皮-间充质转分化
[中图分类号] R587.2;R692 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)33-0035-05
[Abstract] Objective To observe the effect of valsartan on ILK, MMP9 and NEPH1 mRNA expression during the EMT process of podocytes under high glucose environment, and to explore the possible mechanism of valsartan in protecting the podocytes from high glucose. Methods The differentiated mature podocytes were randomly divided into 5 mmol/L glucose culture group (control group) and 25 mmol/L glucose culture group (high glucose group). 2×10-7 mol/L valsartan (low Val group), 2×10-6 mol/L valsartan (medium Val group) and 2×10-5 mol/L (high Val group) valsartan were added to 25 mmol/L glucose culture medium. After 48 hours of in vitro culture, the cell morphology was observed by inverted microscope, and the expression of ILK, MMP9 and NEPH1 were detected by PCR semi-quantitative analysis. Results The expression of NEPH1 in high glucose group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.01). The expression of NEPH1 in each dose of valsartan intervention group was significantly higher than that in high glucose group. Compared with the control group, the expression of ILK and MMP9 of podocytes in the high glucose group was significantly increased, and the expression of ILK and MMP9 of podocytes in each dose of valsartan intervention group was significantly lower than that in high glucose group(P<0.01). The intervention effect in high Val group was the most significant(P<0.01). The expression of ILK and MMP9 in high Val group was not significantly different from that in control group(P>0.05). Conclusion Valsartan may protect the podocytes from the high glucose environment by inhibiting the ILK pathway.
[Key words] Valsartan; Podocytes; High glucose; Epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation
糖尿病腎病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)是糖尿病主要并发症之一,属于微血管病变的一种,以蛋白尿为主要表现。蛋白尿的形成,其组织学基础可归纳为足细胞足突融合、脱落,致使肾小球滤过屏障受损。足细胞通过已分化上皮细胞向间充质细胞转分化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT),失去nephrin、P-cadherin和NEPH1-3等上皮细胞特征性蛋白的表达,而上调间充质细胞样表型标志蛋白如整合素连接激酶(ILK)、成纤维细胞特殊蛋白l(fibroblast-specific protein l,FSP-1)和基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)等的表达,是损伤肾小球滤过屏障的关键因素[1]。足细胞的EMT过程存在并影响着DN的进程[2]。研究[3]证实,当足细胞的EMT过程被抑制,足细胞其正常的上皮细胞表型能得以恢复,蛋白尿也随之减少。如何逆转该过程,是目前众多学者的研究热点。 2016版《糖尿病肾病防治专家共识》中,推荐ACEI/ARB作为DN控制血压的药物应用,在肯定其降压效果的同时,鉴于临床文献的缺乏,对其降低尿微量白蛋白的作用不置可否。缬沙坦作为ARB类代表性的药物,在DN的治疗中应用多年,其降低尿微量白蛋白的疗效有目共睹。除降压效果之外,缬沙坦是否能有效减少DN蛋白尿的形成、减慢肾小球滤过率的下降, 延缓DN的进展,从而保护肾脏功能,这值得我们进一步探讨。
本文通过观察ILK、MMP9、NEPH1在不同浓度缬沙坦干预高糖环境下足细胞中的表达变化,探讨缬沙坦除降压之外,治疗DN的可能作用机制。
1 材料与方法
1.1材料来源
1.1.1 细胞与试剂 小鼠的肾小球足细胞由英国伦敦大学国王学院Guy’ s 医院赠送,缬沙坦原粉由诺华生物制药有限公司提供;10%胎牛血清购自杭州四季青公司,RPMI 1640培养液购自美国Gibco公司,γ-干扰素购自美国 PEPRO Tech公司;SDS-PAGE凝胶试剂盒购自北京普利莱基因技术有限公司,RT-PCR试剂盒购自日本TaKaRa公司,Trizol提取试剂盒来自美国Invitrogen公司。引物合成PRIMER5.0引物软件设计,由上海生物工程公司合成。
1.1.2 仪器 ABI7900 实时定量荧光 PCR 仪器(美国 ABI 公司);X70光学显微镜(日本Olympus公司);PowerPac Basic WB电泳仪(美国BIO-RAD公司产品),GEL DOC凝胶成像系统。
1.2方法
1.2.1 细胞培养 常规操作复苏小鼠肾小球足细胞,加入含有5 mL 10% FCS1640培养液的25 cm2培养瓶中培养,每培养瓶中含有γ-干扰素500 U,培养箱孵育条件为33℃、5%CO2,细胞增殖后进行传代,细胞传代用0.25%胰蛋白酶-0.02