流域产沙模型研究的目的是为了预报流域产沙量,阐明影响流域产沙各因素间的关系,或者模拟流域产沙某些方面的规律。计算机技术的普及,使流域产沙模型在国内外均得到很快的发展和广泛的应用。根据建立模型的方法、途径和应用目的,可将流域产沙模型分为经验模型、随机模型与确定性模型三大类。 一、经验模型 经验模型即参数模型。目前,用于流域产沙预报和研究的大多是经验性的灰箱模型。流域产沙是诸多因素综合作用的结果,通过观察、测量、试验和应用统计技术,确定出几个影响流域产沙的最重要因素,并通过多元回归或逐步回归分析,得到一个或几个计算流域土壤流失量的方程式。这些经验方程式,对于预报流 The purpose of the study on sediment yield in the basin is to forecast the sediment yield of the basin, clarify the relationship between various factors affecting the sediment yield in the basin, or simulate the law of some aspects of sediment production in the basin. The popularization of computer technology has led to the rapid development and widespread application of sediment yield models in the basin both at home and abroad. According to the method, the way and the application purpose of establishing the model, the sediment yielding model in the basin can be divided into three categories: empirical model, stochastic model and deterministic model. First, the experience model empirical model parameter model. At present, most of the gray box models used for forecasting sediment yield in the basin are empirical. The sediment yield in the basin is the result of the combination of many factors. Through observation, measurement, experiment and application of statistical techniques, several important factors that affect the sediment yield in the basin are determined. Multiple regression or stepwise regression analysis can be used to obtain one or several calculations Equation of soil loss in watershed. These empirical equations are for forecasting flows