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生物科学和生物技术,特别是有关预防接种的科学和技术的最新发展,已使人类病原微生物所致疾病的发病率和死亡率的降低成为可能。病毒疫苗的最新进展表明,采用无感染性疫苗可产生有效而持久的免疫力。这些进展的取得是由于采用了重组DNA技术、肽合成技术、内影象(独特型)抗体和灭活的完整病毒体及其亚单位。本文讨论新一代疫苗在免疫学上的需要,以及制备这此疫苗的抗原替代来源的发展前景。
The latest developments in science and technology regarding biological sciences and biotechnology, and in particular vaccination, have made it possible to reduce the morbidity and mortality of diseases caused by human pathogenic microorganisms. Recent advances in viral vaccines have shown that the use of non-infectious vaccines produces an effective and long-lasting immunity. These advances have been attributed to the use of recombinant DNA techniques, peptide synthesis techniques, internal imaging (idiotypes) antibodies and inactivated intact virions and their subunits. This article discusses the immunological needs of a new generation of vaccines and the prospects for the development of alternative sources of antigen for the preparation of this vaccine.