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灾害救援中最关键的是针对伤员的医学救援。自2008年四川汶川地震救援以来,我国政府、军队及各医院等灾害医学救援积累了丰富经验,尤其是在卫勤组织管理、机动医疗队建设、伤员院内救治和转运等方面进步巨大,但各级救援力量缺乏明确的救治技术规范,导致重复建设、资源浪费和并发症发生率较高等。本文以地震为例,阐述灾害中创伤紧急救治的特殊性、常见问题以及灾害中开放性创伤救治的基本策略和技术,包括挽救生命第一,开放伤伤口评估、清创、包扎、抗生素应用、48 h后再次评估伤口和专科医师会诊等。
The most critical disaster relief is for the wounded medical rescue. Since the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province in 2008, China has accumulated rich experience in disaster medical rescue such as government, army and hospitals. In particular, it has made tremendous progress in the management of medical service organizations, the construction of mobile medical teams and the hospital treatment and transport of wounded people. However, The lack of a clear rescue force rescue technical specifications, resulting in duplication of construction, waste of resources and complications such as a higher incidence. Taking earthquakes as an example, this paper expounds the particularity and common problems of emergency treatment of trauma in disaster and the basic strategies and techniques of open trauma treatment in disaster, including saving lives, assessing open wounds, debridement, dressing, antibiotic application, After 48 h again re-evaluation of wounds and specialist consultation.