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目的了解乌鲁木齐市城市居民应急救护知识与技能的掌握情况及其影响因素,探讨普及居民应急救护知识与技能的有效方法。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,随机抽取乌鲁木齐市4个区年龄15~75岁的1 050名常住人口,调查了解乌鲁木齐市居民对应急救护知识与技能的知晓情况。结果乌鲁木齐市城市居民应急救护知识知晓率仅为12.2%,灾害逃生知识知晓率最高达24.10%,而心肺复苏技术的知晓率最低,仅为6.90%,不同项目知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同职业、不同学历层次居民应急救护知识与技能知晓率差异有统计学意义。结论对居民进行相应的培训以提高急救意识和急救能力,发挥居民的能动性,可以在很大程度上弥补专业急救力量的不足,减轻专业急救人员的压力。对于居民进行现场急救知识以及急救技能的培训具有重要的现实意义。
Objective To understand the mastery and influencing factors of emergency and ambulance knowledge and skills of urban residents in Urumqi, and to explore effective ways to popularize the knowledge and skills of emergency and ambulance for residents. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 1,050 permanent residents aged 15-75 in four districts of Urumqi to investigate the residents’ awareness of emergency rescue knowledge and skills in Urumqi. Results The awareness rate of emergency rescue was only 12.2% in urban residents of Urumqi, while the awareness rate of disaster escape knowledge was up to 24.10%, while the awareness rate of CPR technology was the lowest, only 6.90%. There was significant difference in the awareness rate of different items (P <0.05). There were significant differences in the awareness rate of knowledge and skills among residents in different occupations and different academic levels. Conclusion Residents training to improve the awareness of first aid and first aid capabilities to play a residents initiative, can largely compensate for the lack of first aid professionals to reduce the pressure of professional first aid workers. It is of great practical significance for residents to carry out on-site first aid knowledge and first aid skills training.