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试验研究了中壤土中液氨不同施用量和施肥深度条件下,形成的液氨铵核范围和其中铵的浓度,结果表明:10×N_(0.)(施深cm×施用量Ng/盆),15×N_(0.),15×N_(1.6)等三个组合的失氮量最少,铵核位置和其中的铵浓度均适合于作物生育和根系营养。铵核可分核心和外围两部分。铵核随时间推移而逐渐缩小;核心硝化作用弱,有利于保氮;外围硝化作用强,有利于根系氮素营养,两者综合形成了液氮肥效持续长效的特性。合理施用液氨的原则应该是铵核完全在土体之中,外围低铵浓度部分可接近或与种子带重合,可获良好的肥效。
The range of NH4 (superscript +) NH4 (superscript 2 - subscript 4) and the concentration of ammonium in liquid medium were studied under different application rates of liquid ammonia and fertilizer depth in middle loam. The results showed that 10 × N_ (0.) (Applied depth cm × application rate of Ng / ), 15 × N_ (0.), 15 × N_ (1.6) and other three combinations had the least amount of nitrogen loss. Both the ammonium nucleus position and ammonium concentration were suitable for crop growth and root nourishment. Ammonium can be divided into two parts core and periphery. Ammonium nucleus gradually decreased over time; core nitrification is weak, is conducive to nitrogen retention; strong external nitrification, is conducive to root nitrogen nutrition, the two formed a comprehensive long-term liquid nitrogen fertilizer efficiency characteristics. Reasonable application of liquid ammonia should be the principle of ammonium in the soil completely in the peripheral part of the low ammonium concentration can be close to or coincident with the seed band can be a good fertilizer effect.