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目的了解福建省5岁以下儿童维生素A缺乏现状。方法采取整群分层抽样方法将福建省分为城市、沿海、山区三个层面,抽查福州等9个县市5岁以下儿童共3185人,对儿童病史询问、膳食调查和血清维生素A检测。结果福建省5岁以下儿童维生素A亚临床缺乏有200人,维生素A的平均值为0.595μmol/L,患病率为6.3%;有838人属于亚临床状态维生素A可疑缺乏,维生素A的平均值为0.900μmol/L,可疑缺乏患病率为26.3%;维生素A正常有2 147人,其平均值为1.464μmol/L。没有发现有临床表现的维生素A缺乏。亚临床维生素A缺乏的检出率存在地区差异,随着年龄的增长维生素A患病率在下降。结论增加与多食胡萝卜、肝脏等维生素A含量高的食物,婴儿早期服用鱼肝油,是预防和治疗维生素A缺乏的最有效、最迅速、经济的手段。
Objective To understand the status of vitamin A deficiency in children under 5 years old in Fujian Province. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used to divide Fujian Province into three levels: city, coastal area and mountainous area. A total of 3185 children under 5 years of age were surveyed in 9 counties and cities such as Fuzhou. The children were asked about their medical history, dietary survey and serum vitamin A test. Results There were 200 subclinical vitamin A deficiency in children under 5 years old in Fujian Province, the average value of vitamin A was 0.595 μmol / L, the prevalence was 6.3%; 838 were suspicious of subclinical vitamin A deficiency and the mean of vitamin A The value of 0.900μmol / L, the prevalence of suspected lack of 26.3%; vitamin A normal 2 147 people, the average value of 1.464μmol / L. No clinical manifestations of vitamin A deficiency were found. There are regional differences in the detection rate of subclinical vitamin A deficiency, and the prevalence of vitamin A is declining with age. Conclusion Increasing and eating foods high in vitamin A such as carrots and liver, early infant taking cod liver oil is the most effective, rapid and economical means to prevent and treat vitamin A deficiency.