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对3～8辆编组列车以350km.h-1速度运行时,不同速度横风作用下的气动特性进行仿真研究,并建立列车的阻力系数与列车编组辆数之间的无量纲关系。研究结果表明:对3辆车编组列车的气动特性分析不能取代对其他编成辆数列车的几动特性分析;不同编成辆数列车阻力系数随着横风风速的增加而增大,3辆车编组列车的阻力系数不超过8辆车编组的列车的一半;列车的侧向力系数和倾覆力矩系数随着列车编成辆数的增加而减小;列车编成辆数对头车的阻力系数、升力系数、侧向力系数和倾覆力矩系数影响较小,但是对尾车的影响较大;头车的侧向力系数和倾覆力矩系数明显高于尾车和中间车,尾车的倾覆力矩系数最大值不超过0.4,而头车的最大可达0.7;由于头车的气动安全性比其他位置车辆的低,用头车的气动安全性评估整个列车的气动安全性会偏于保守,但合理、可行。
The aerodynamic characteristics of 3 ~ 8 marshalling trains traveling at 350 km h -1 speed are studied. The aerodynamic characteristics of trains at 3 ~ 8 marshalling speeds and different train speeds are established. The dimensionless relationship between train resistance coefficient and train marshalling capacity is established. The results show that the analysis of the aerodynamic characteristics of the three-car train can not replace the analysis of the motions of other train-equipped vehicles. The drag coefficient of the different train-car train increases with the increase of the crosswind wind speed, The drag coefficient of a train complying with a train does not exceed one half of the train complied by an eight-car train. The lateral force coefficient and the overturning moment coefficient of a train decrease as the train number of vehicles increases. The drag coefficient , But the effect of lift coefficient, lateral force coefficient and overturning moment coefficient is small, but the impact on the tail vehicle is larger. The lateral force coefficient and overturning torque coefficient of head vehicle are obviously higher than the overturning moment of tail vehicle and intermediate vehicle and tail vehicle The maximum value of the coefficient does not exceed 0.4, while the maximum number of the first car up to 0.7; as the first car aerodynamic safety than other vehicles at low, the first car aerodynamic safety assessment of the entire train aerodynamic safety will be conservative, but Reasonable and feasible.