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【目的】利用空间诱变技术培育出适合新疆气候种植的优质水稻新品种。【方法】水稻品种新稻11号干种子搭载返回式卫星,经诱变处理后将种子在地面种植,经过多年后代系谱选育,调查后代的农艺性状和经济性状,选育出的优良品系参加新疆区域试验和生产试验。【结果】F1代出现变异单株;F2代群体的单株间主要农艺、经济性状出现了强烈的后代分离,F3代个别株系开始稳定。F4代基本进入稳定状态,从中筛选出结实率高、产量高,食味佳,整精米率高(抗爆腰),抗病性强的突变株系。【结论】水稻品种新稻11号干种子经空间诱变所产生的变异频率高,变异幅度大,并能够稳定的遗传给后代[1]。经系谱选育,育成一个适合新疆干燥气候条件下种植的抗爆腰型、高产、优质水稻新品种新稻39号。
【Objective】 Spatial mutagenesis was used to breed new varieties of high quality rice suitable for climate cultivation in Xinjiang. 【Method】 The rice variety Xintao No.11 dried seeds were equipped with return satellites. The seeds were planted on the ground after mutagenesis treatment. After years of pedigree pedigree selection, the agronomic and economic traits of the offspring were investigated, and the selected elite lines participated Xinjiang regional test and production test. 【Result】 The results showed that there were single mutant in F1 generation. The main agronomic and economic traits in F2 generation were strongly segregated from offspring. Individual F3 lines started to be stable. F4 generation basically entered a stable state, from which screening out the high seed setting rate, high yield, good taste, milled rice rate (anti-blasting waist), resistance to mutant strains. 【Conclusion】 The rice variety Xintao No.11 dried seeds has high frequency of mutation and large variation range and can be inherited steadily to offspring [1]. Through pedigree breeding, bred a suitable Xinjiang drought climate planted antiknock waist, high yield, high quality new rice variety Xintai39.