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马克思对自由何以可能的探寻,经历了四个阶段:一是对自我意识外化的自由呼吁,二是对政治共同体自由法权的现实批判,三是追求人类解放的现实自由运动,四是有关必然与自由统一的实践路径阐释。通过这四个阶段的理论阐述,马克思对自由的探寻体现出一个由理想向实践转向的进程。这种转向表明,自由不是抽象的精神或意识范畴,而是建立在现实根基之上,在科学发展和以人为本相统一的生产实践活动中得以实现。
Marx’s exploration of why freedom is possible has gone through four stages: one is the call for freedom of self-esteem; the other is the realistic critique of the free legal power of the political community; the third is the realistic free movement that pursues the liberation of mankind; Necessity and Free and Uniform Practice Path Interpretation. Through the theoretical elaboration of these four stages, Marx’s exploration of freedom embodies a process from ideal to practice. This shift shows that freedom is not an abstract spirit or category of consciousness, but rather it is based on the actual foundation and is realized in the practice of scientific development and people-centered production practice.