论文部分内容阅读
为了更好地理解环境和基因型对小麦阿拉伯木聚糖含量的影响,为小麦品质改良提供科学依据,采用比色法测定了美国西部51个硬质小麦品种的阿拉伯木聚糖组分含量,这些小麦品种包括冬小麦和春小麦,分别被种植在3个不同的地点。结果表明,参试冬小麦品种水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的变异范围分别为0.39%~0.81%和3.09%~4.04%,春小麦品种这两种木聚糖含量范围分别为0.48%~0.92%和3.94%~4.70%。小麦籽粒阿拉伯木聚糖含量的变异同时受品种、环境及其互作效应的显著影响,环境效应大于品种效应。小麦品种间阿拉伯木聚糖含量的变异主要表现在水溶性组分上。就不同组分而言,基因型对水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖组分的影响相对较大,环境则分别对冬小麦水不溶性、春小麦水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖组分有较大的影响。品种间和环境间阿拉伯木聚糖含量的变异,冬小麦大于春小麦;水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的遗传型方差春小麦大于冬小麦。冬、春小麦的水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的广义遗传力均大于95%,通过遗传育种的方法改良小麦阿拉伯木聚糖含量是可行的。冬小麦与春小麦阿拉伯木聚糖含量的平均值之间无明显差异。
In order to better understand the effects of environment and genotype on the content of arabinoxylan in wheat and provide a scientific basis for wheat quality improvement, the content of arabinoxylan in 51 durum wheat varieties in the western United States was determined by colorimetry. These varieties of wheat, including winter wheat and spring wheat, were planted in 3 different locations. The results showed that the range of variation of water solubility and total arabinoxylan content of winter wheat cultivars were 0.39% -0.81% and 3.09% -4.04%, respectively. The content of these two xylan species in spring wheat varieties ranged from 0.48% to 0.92% And 3.94% ~ 4.70%. Variation of arabinoxylan content in wheat grains was significantly affected by varieties, environment and their interaction effects, and the environmental effects were greater than those of cultivars. Variation in arabinoxylan content among wheat cultivars was mainly found on water-soluble components. In terms of different components, genotypes had a relatively large effect on the water-soluble arabinoxylan components, whereas the environment had a greater impact on the water-insoluble, spring wheat water-soluble arabinoxylan components, respectively. Variation of Arabian xylan content among cultivars and environments was higher in winter wheat than in spring wheat. The genetic variance spring wheat with water-soluble arabinoxylan content was larger than winter wheat. The general heritability of water-soluble arabinoxylan content in winter and spring wheat was more than 95%, and it is feasible to improve the arabinoxylan content in wheat by means of genetic breeding. There was no significant difference between the average arabinoxylan content of winter wheat and spring wheat.