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苏联的集中供热的现状及技术水平是不能令人满意的。集中供热系统的规划及建造方案基本早在战前和战后的几年就确定了,而最近十年来仍未实现根本性变化。系统数量(功率及长度)的增长并未伴随必要的质量变化。因此,目前大城市复杂的枝状、多环状的供热系统不够灵活,适应性不强,而且不好操作管理。 从经济效益观点来看,甚至由热电站供热的热化系统中的热能实际上是二次能源,在现代的热电站内靠减少输送和本身所需热量的大量消耗来实现燃料的节省。
The status quo and technical level of central heating in the Soviet Union are unsatisfactory. The planning and construction plans for central heating systems were basically established as early as in the pre-war and post-war years, but fundamental changes have not yet been achieved in the last decade. The increase in the number of systems (power and length) did not accompany the necessary quality changes. Therefore, the complex branch-like and multi-annular heating systems in big cities are not flexible enough, their adaptability is not strong, and they are not easy to operate and manage. From an economic point of view, even the thermal energy in thermal systems that are heated by thermal power plants is actually a secondary energy source. In modern thermal power plants, fuel savings are realized by reducing the transportation and the large amount of heat required by itself.