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流行性感冒(簡称流感)是由几个型的流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病。世界各地都可发生。平时散发,或者流行,有时呈大流行。是目前唯一可引起世界大流行的传染病。流感的病死率不高,但因患病的人数多,所以因流感而死亡的人数仍不少。如1918年大流行时,死亡二千万人。由于流感病后免疫維持时間短,各型流感之間沒有交叉免疫,因此一个人一生往往不止一次地罹患本病。患病后平均每例誤工五日,对国家經济建設影响就很大。大流行时可使工厂停工、学校停課、部队丧失战斗力,小的城鎮甚至陷于瘫痪。有人称流感为“現代鼠疫”,因此对其危害性不能等閒視之,而应做为重点防治的传染病,认真加以对待。
Influenza (influenza) is an acute respiratory infection caused by several types of influenza virus. It can happen all over the world. Usually distributed, or popular, sometimes pandemic. It is the only infectious disease that can cause the world’s pandemic. The mortality rate of flu is not high, but the number of people who suffer from the flu is still high, so the number of deaths from flu is still quite low. As of the 1918 pandemic, 20 million people died. Because of the short duration of immunosuppression after influenza, there is no cross immunity between the various types of influenza, so one often has the disease more than once in a lifetime. On average, each case of a lost-working day after the illness has a great impact on the country’s economic construction. When the pandemic can stop the factory, the school closed, troops lost their combat effectiveness, and even small towns were paralyzed. Some people call the flu “modern plague”, so its harmfulness can not be ignored, but should be treated as a key infectious disease, be treated seriously.