论文部分内容阅读
为探讨施肥对荔枝产量和树体营养的影响，１９９１～１９９５年对１５～２０年生兰竹荔枝进行肥料试验。结果：施肥对提高兰竹荔枝产量有较显著效果，但只是在一定范围和年限内随施肥量增多而增产。兰竹荔枝以株施Ｎ０．８ｋｇ、Ｐ２Ｏ５１．０ｋｇ、Ｋ２Ｏ１．５ｋｇ的效果最好，５ａ平均株产４３．１ｋｇ，较对照（Ｎ０．２５ｋｇ、Ｐ２Ｏ５０．５ｋｇ、Ｋ２Ｏ０．４ｋｇ）增产３６．８％；施氮多，施磷偏少，氮磷钾比例搭配不够合理会明显增加兰竹荔枝总花量和雄花量，减少雌花比率，不利授粉和着果，从而影响产量；叶片含氮和含钾量随施肥增多而升高，但施氮多，施磷偏少，氮磷钾比例搭配不够合理会影响叶片含磷量及氮与磷、磷与钾的比值，对微量元素含量也有一定影响。结论：适当控制施氮量，注意氮磷钾配比（兰竹以１∶１．２５∶１．８８为宜），对提高荔枝产量有显著效果。
In order to investigate the effects of fertilization on litchi yield and tree nutrition, fertilizers were tested on 15-20 years old litchi from 1991 to 1995. Results: Fertilization had a significant effect on increasing the yield of Litchi chinensis, but it increased with the increase of fertilizer application only within a certain range and years. Lantana litchi plant to N0.8kg, P2O51.0kg, K2O1.5kg the best effect, 5a average yield 43.1kg, compared with the control (N0.25kg, P2O50.5kg, K2O0.4kg) yield 36.8% ; Nitrogen application is too small, phosphorus is less, the ratio of NPK is not reasonable enough to significantly increase the total amount of blue and white litchi flowers and male flowers, reduce the female flower ratio, unfavorable pollination and fruit, thus affecting the yield; leaf nitrogen and potassium However, the amount of N applied was too low, and the proportion of N, P and K was not reasonable enough to affect the phosphorus content and the ratio of N to P, P and K, but also affected the content of trace elements. Conclusion: The amount of nitrogen application is properly controlled, and the ratio of NPK to potassium (blue 1: 1.25: 1.88 is appropriate) should be noticed, which has a significant effect on increasing the yield of litchi.