坎儿井是世界上最大的地下水利灌溉系统,被誉为地下“万里长城”,在干旱区农业发展中发挥着重要的作用.本文以吐鲁番坎儿井为研究对象,利用文献法、实地考察法、访谈法,对吐鲁番坎儿井的现状、价值、衰减的原因等方面进行了研究,对其保护提出了合理的措施.通过调查资料以及对数据进行分析研究,得出吐鲁番地区的坎儿井在数量、流量、灌溉面积上都呈现出衰减之势.根据坎儿井在社会生活、农业生产、生态环境方面发挥的作用,提出保护坎儿井的措施.“,”Karez one of the world's largest underground water conservancy irrigation system,has been hailed as the “Great Wall”,which is a key initiative in arid regions.In this paper,Karez in Turpan as the research object,with the ecology,water conservancy,geography and other disciplines of knowledge as the theoretical basis,using literature method,investigation method,interview method,experimental method,this paper deals with the Turpan basin ecological environment condition,present situation,characteristics,unique value,attenuation of the reasons as well as the the local agricultural production,ecological environment.Then the reasonable measures to protect the Karez is proposed.Through data analysis,it is concluded that the number of karez turpan region,traffic,irrigation area is a trend of attenuation.For the karez agriculture's role in social life,this paper discusses the importance of protecting our karez and protection measures are put forward.