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离子液体具有不挥发、稳定性好、结构可调、无毒、对环境友好等特点,被认为是一种可替代传统溶剂的新型绿色溶剂,在电化学、分析化学、有机合成及催化反应等领域都有广泛的应用。主要根据离子液体在萃取分离中的应用研究,将近十年来离子液体对于如重金属、碱金属和碱土金属、稀土金属、稀有金属及放射性金属等各种金属离子的萃取效果进行了综述。
Ionic liquids are non-volatile, good stability, structurally adjustable, non-toxic, environmentally friendly and other characteristics, is considered to be a new solvent alternative to the traditional green solvents, electrochemical, analytical chemistry, organic synthesis and catalytic reactions The field has a wide range of applications. Based on the application of ionic liquids in extraction and separation, the ionic liquids have been reviewed in recent 10 years for the extraction of various metal ions such as heavy metals, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, rare metals and radioactive metals.