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直线加速器的最新进展、激光驱动低发射度电子枪的新发展和超高精度长摆动器的可行性,开创了以自放大自发辐射(SASE)为基础建立单程自由电子激光器(FEL)的可能性。这种自由电子激光器有可能在真空紫外和X射线区提供极强、偏振、超短脉冲的辐射。除了它们的高峰值亮度和平均亮度,光子能量的可调谐性和辐射的横向相干性都将使这种自由电子激光器成为无可匹敌的光源。关于真空紫外和X射线自由电子激光器世界范围的几项课题已经启动。汉堡德国电子同步加速器(DESY)的真空紫外自由电子激光器(VUV-FEL)上,首次在真空紫外区观察到激光发射。讨论了以自放大自发辐射为基础的自由电子激光器工作原理及元件;提出了克服统计起伏和增加纵向相干性的方案,给出了与这种自由电子激光有关的基础研究和应用研究例子。
Recent advances in linear accelerators, new developments in laser-driven low-emission electron guns, and the feasibility of ultra-long precision oscillators have created the possibility of establishing one-way free-electron lasers (FELs) based on self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE). Such free-electron lasers have the potential to provide extremely strong, polarized, ultrashort-pulse radiation in the vacuum ultraviolet and X-ray regions. In addition to their high peak brightness and average brightness, photonic energy tunability and radiation horizontal coherency will make such free-electron lasers an unrivaled source of light. Several topics have been launched worldwide on vacuum UV and X-ray free-electron lasers. For the first time, laser emission was observed in the vacuum ultraviolet region on the vacuum ultraviolet free electron laser (VUV-FEL) of the German electron synchrotron (DESY). The working principle and components of a free electron laser based on self-amplified spontaneous emission are discussed. Proposals to overcome the statistical fluctuation and increase the longitudinal coherence are given. Some basic and applied research examples related to this free electron laser are given.