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目的:分析5岁以下儿童死亡的动态变化趋势及死亡的主要原因,探讨降低5岁以下儿童死亡的干预措施。方法:2007～2011年辖区本地户口儿童及非本地户口居住1年以上的儿童死亡监测报表进行统计分析。结果:2007～2011年新生儿死亡率由6.95‰降为2.20‰(P<0.05),婴儿死亡率由8.21‰降为2.75‰(P<0.05),0～4岁儿童死亡率由10.11‰降为4.40‰(P<0.05),差异均有统计学意义。死亡原因排在前两位的仍是先天异常、早产及低出生体重儿,但肺炎的排序有所下降。结论:南宁市江南区5岁以下儿童死亡率近5年明显下降,降低出生缺陷是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the trends of death in children under 5 and the main causes of death, and to explore interventions to reduce the death of children under 5 years of age. Methods: From 2007 to 2011, the statistical analysis was conducted on the death monitoring reports of children living in local hukou and non-local hukou for more than one year. Results: The neonatal mortality rate dropped from 6.95 ‰ to 2.20 ‰ (P <0.05) from 2007 to 2011, while the infant mortality rate decreased from 8.21 ‰ to 2.75 ‰ (P <0.05). The mortality rate of children aged 0-4 decreased from 10.11 ‰ 4.40 ‰ (P <0.05), the differences were statistically significant. The top two causes of death were still congenital anomalies, premature birth and low birth weight infants, but the rankings for pneumonia declined. Conclusion: The mortality rate of children under 5 years of age in Jiangnan District of Nanning City dropped significantly in recent 5 years. Decreasing birth defects is the key to reducing the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age.