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为了实现高温超导(HTS)磁浮车的无接触的制动,本文提出一种基于振动耗能的电磁制动方法。在永磁轨道与磁浮车的悬浮气隙中增加一层固定在车体上的电磁线圈,以线圈通电的方式改变磁场分布而得到在轨道上方的磁场分布不均衡的效果。磁浮车体的运动方向上的动能将转化到与其运行垂直方向上的阻尼振动耗掉而使车体减速,其阻尼系数通过闭合线圈的方式改变。以真空管道中运行的HTS磁悬浮车为例,用理论分析得出所加电磁线圈的自阻值与外接电阻的阻值之和与耗能的关系,最后在西南交通大学真空管道HTS磁浮系统实验平台上实验验证了该方法的合理性与有效性,为将来的真空管道磁浮交通系统的设计提供参考。
In order to realize contactless braking of high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnetic levitation vehicle, an electromagnetic braking method based on vibration energy dissipation is proposed in this paper. Adding a layer of electromagnetic coil fixed on the vehicle body to the suspended air gap of the permanent magnetic track and maglev to change the distribution of the magnetic field in the way of coil energization to obtain the uneven distribution of the magnetic field above the track. The kinetic energy in the direction of motion of the maglev body decelerates the body by converting it to damped vibrations perpendicular to its operation, with the damping coefficient being changed by closing the coil. Taking the HTS magnetic levitation vehicle running in the vacuum pipeline as an example, the relationship between the self-resistance of the applied electromagnetic coil and the resistance of the external resistor and the energy consumption are obtained by theoretical analysis. Finally, on the experiment platform of the HTS maglev system of the Southwest Jiaotong University Experimental results verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed method and provide references for the future design of vacuum pipelines maglev traffic system.