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1956年,菲律宾参议院讨论了旨在要求学生阅读黎刹尔在1887年和1892年出版的两部小说的438号法案。法案的两位支持者劳雷尔和雷克托参议员都出生于西班牙殖民时期,经历了1896年革命、反美战争、美国殖民统治时期、日本占领时期以及1946年独立等不同历史阶段。他们都对先后统治菲律宾的三个帝国有着深刻理解。由于领导了日本支持的1943年共和国,他们认同的菲律宾民族主义是没有菲美“特殊关系”的民族主义。在独立后建构菲律宾官方历史叙述的讨论中,支持美国的政治家和学者企图以美菲联合抵抗日本统治并在1945年获得“解放”为菲律宾官方历史叙述的基础。这种尝试遭到一些人的反对,最突出的是参议员劳雷尔和雷克托以及历史学家蒂奥多罗·阿贡西留,他们认为反对西班牙殖民统治的革命和菲美战争更适于作为这种官方历史叙述的基础。让学生阅读黎刹尔的小说将会使年轻一代明白1896年革命发生的根源以及这次革命直到1950年代“仍未完成”的原因。
In 1956, the Philippine Senate discussed Act No. 438, which aimed to require students to read two novels published by Rzal in 1887 and 1892. Both Bill Laureate and Senator Rexo were born during the Spanish colonial period and have undergone different historical stages such as the 1896 Revolution, the Anti-American War, the American colonial rule, the Japanese occupation and independence in 1946. All of them have a deep understanding of the three empires that rule the Philippines one after another. Because of the republic of 1943 that led Japan’s support, Philippine nationalism they agreed with was a nationalism that lacked the “special relationship” between the United States and the United States. In the post-independence discussions on constructing the official historical narrative of the Philippines, the support for American politicians and scholars in attempting to jointly resist the Japanese rule by the United States and the Philippines and “liberation” in 1945 formed the basis for the official history of the Philippines. This attempt was opposed by some, notably by Senators Laurel and Recto, and by historian Teodoro Agongura, who considered the revolution against the Spanish colonial rule and the Philippine-American war more Suitable as a basis for this official historical narrative. Allowing students to read Risal’s novels will enable the younger generation to understand the origins of the 1896 revolution and why the revolution was “unfinished” in the 1950s.