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目的为压疮动物模型的制备及实验方法提供实证依据。方法将48只SD雄性大鼠随机均分成六组各8只,均行10%水合氯醛麻醉后,对照组不予以压力,7.5 h后安乐死;实验A~E组采用特制压力装置对大鼠股薄肌处施压,A组给予13.73 kPa压强,B组给予19.97 kPa压强,C组给予22.47 kPa压强,D组给予28.71 kPa压强,E组给予34.96 kPa压强;五组均予3个缺血-再灌注循环后安乐死。肉眼观察大鼠受压部位皮肤颜色和形态,光镜下观察皮肤肌肉组织病理变化,测定肌肉组织中髓过氧化物酶(MPO)含量。结果 A组与对照组比较,皮肤肉眼观察无差别,光镜下皮肤层次欠清晰,皮下结缔组织和肌肉组织有轻度炎性反应;B组皮肤肉眼观察略有发红,光镜下皮下结缔组织和肌肉组织炎性反应较A组加重;C组肉眼观察出现持续性非苍白性发红,光镜下皮下结缔组织和肌肉组织炎性反应较B组加重,与临床典型的I期压疮相似;D、E两组肉眼观察充血反应和光镜下观察炎性反应呈逐渐加重趋势。各组MPO含量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);各实验组与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);实验组两两比较,除B、C组外,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论大鼠肌肉组织在13.73 kPa压强下即发生轻度损伤,随着压力增大,损伤呈加重趋势;压力为19.97~22.47 kPa时损伤程度差异不大。可依据此动物模型进行压疮相关实验研究。
Objective To provide evidence for the preparation of pressure ulcer animal model and experimental methods. Methods 48 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups of eight. All rats were anesthetized with 10% chloral hydrate. The rats in the control group were not stressed and were euthanized after 7.5 h. In the experimental groups A to E, A group of pressure was given at 13.73 kPa in group A, pressure of 19.97 kPa in group B, pressure of 22.47 kPa in group C, pressure of 28.71 kPa in group D and pressure of 34.96 kPa in group E, Reperfusion after euthanasia. The color and morphology of the skin were observed with the naked eye, the pathological changes of skin muscle were observed under light microscope, and the content of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in muscle tissue was determined. Results Compared with the control group, there was no difference in the macroscopic observation between the A group and the control group. The level of the skin was not clear under the light microscope. There was mild inflammatory reaction in the connective tissue and muscle tissue in the subcutaneous group A; Tissue and muscular tissue inflammatory response was more severe than that of group A. In group C, persistent non-pale redness was observed macroscopically. Inflammatory reaction of subcutaneous connective tissue and muscle tissue under light microscope was more severe than that of group B, Similar; D, E two groups of macroscopic observation of hyperemic reaction and light inflammation observed under the microscope showed a gradual increase in the trend. (P <0.01). There was significant difference between the experimental group and the control group (all P <0.01). In comparison with the experimental group, except for the B and C groups, The differences were statistically significant (all P <0.01). Conclusion The muscle tissue of rats is mildly damaged under the pressure of 13.73 kPa. As the pressure increases, the damage tends to aggravate. At 19.97 ~ 22.47 kPa, there is no significant difference between the two groups. According to the animal model for pressure ulcer related experimental study.