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戊戌维新运动是中国在甲午惨败、列强掀起瓜分中国狂潮的民族生死存亡之际而发起的一次中国近代史上重要的社会改良运动。在民族危难的紧要关头,以康有为、梁启超为代表的社会结构中最敏感知识分子阶层,率先觉醒,毅然挑起了改造中国、挽救民族危机的历史使命。但在其慷慨激昂付诸救国行动的同时,一方面,惨败的现实和严重的民族危机,使知识分子产生了激进的求变心态。另一方面,传统的思想文化、传统的官僚集权,落后的社会心理,又制约了知识分子的前进与转型,使他们产生了保守、回归的心态。采取相对保守、迂回方式进行的改革以失败告终。
The Reform Movement of 1898 was an important social reform movement in modern Chinese history initiated by China during the Sino-Japanese defeat in the Sino-Japanese War and the lifting of the national race that divided up the Chinese craze. At the critical juncture of the national crisis, the most sensitive class of social structures represented by Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao took the lead in awakening and resolutely provoked the historical mission of transforming China and saving the nation from crises. However, while impassioned and impoverished, the one hand, the reality of the defeat and the serious national crisis have brought a radical change of mindset for the intellectuals. On the other hand, the traditional ideology and culture, traditional bureaucratic centralization, and backward social psychology also restrict the progress and transformation of intellectuals, giving them a conservative and regressive attitude. The reform, which took a relatively conservative and roundabout way, ended in failure.