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水下目标定位是水声工程中的基本问题之一,一般的定位方法需要多个阵元组成基阵,通过较复杂的阵列处理方法对目标定向定位。研究了单个水听器对水下目标被动定位的方法,采用倒谱法估计水面与水底反射相对于直达波的多径时延,推导了通过水面与水底多径时延估计目标深度与距离的公式,并通过湖上试验进行了验证。试验结果表明:单个水听器能够在垂直面上对水下目标定位,其距离、深度估计结果与实际基本相符。
Underwater target positioning is one of the basic problems in underwater acoustic engineering. The general positioning method needs multiple array elements to form the array, and the target is oriented by more complex array processing methods. The method of passive hydrophone positioning for a single hydrophone is studied. The cepstrum method is used to estimate the multipath delay of water surface and underwater reflection relative to the direct wave. The depth and distance of the target are estimated from the water surface and bottom multipath delay Formula, and verified by the lake test. The experimental results show that a single hydrophone can locate the underwater target in the vertical plane, and its distance and depth estimation basically accord with the actual situation.