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压力管道输水系统的气体积聚及其危害,很多文献中都有论述,但压力管道的水流特征及进排气措施研究却少有记载。目前对于压力管道的进排气阀设置,国内还没有系统的计算方法,实际工作中存在着不少困难。文章根据压力管道的水流流态特征、水运动规律和特点,将管线的纵剖面分解为上坡段、长水平段和下坡段,管线高点、低点和坡度变陡点等特征单元,通过分析压力管道初次运行前的充水过程、检修时的排水过程、以及正常运行过程这三种工况的水流流态,提出了空气阀设置应当遵守区别对待、小流量充水和空气阀类型同其任务相一致原则及其设置方法。
Gas accumulation in pressurized pipelines and its hazards have been discussed in many literatures. However, there are few reports about the flow characteristics of pressure pipes and the measures of intake and exhaust. At present, there is no systematic calculation method for the inlet and outlet valves of pressure pipes in China. There are many difficulties in practical work. According to the characteristics of flow pattern and water movement of pressure pipeline, the paper divides the longitudinal section of pipeline into characteristic units such as uphill section, long horizontal section and downhill section, pipeline high point, low point and steep slope, By analyzing the water flow before the initial operation of the pressure pipeline, the draining process during the maintenance and the normal working process, the air flow setting of the three working conditions should be followed: the differential treatment, the small flow filling and the air valve type Consistent with its mission principle and its setting method.