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目的探讨新疆不同民族吸毒人群的人口学特征、艾滋病知识水平和心理状况。方法选择384名吸毒者、419名普通人群进行病例-对照研究,内容包括基本情况、艾滋病知识、吸毒情况、《信赖他人量表》和《自尊量表》。结果⑴吸毒人群平均年龄30.62岁,初次尝试毒品平均年龄23.31岁。⑵病例组艾滋病知识水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。⑶病例组曾经吸大麻、亲朋吸毒比例均高于对照组(P<0.05)。⑷在信赖他人方面非吸毒者比吸毒者有信心,维吾尔族吸毒者信赖他人得分高于其他民族吸毒者(均P<0.05)。⑸病例组自尊低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论吸毒人群是一个特殊的社会群体,心理方面与正常人群有明显差别,3个民族吸毒者之间也存在差异。在制定控制吸毒策略时应针对该人群的特点,采取有效细致的社会心理治疗,并重视高危人群的干预工作。
Objective To explore demographic characteristics, AIDS knowledge level and psychological status of drug addicts from different ethnic groups in Xinjiang. Methods A total of 384 drug addicts and 419 ordinary people were enrolled in this study. The case-control study included basic information, knowledge of HIV / AIDS, drug abuse status, Trustworthiness Scale and Self-Esteem Scale. Results (1) The average age of drug addicts was 30.62 years old, the average age of first attempt drug was 23.31 years old. (2) Knowledge of AIDS in case group was higher than that in control group (P <0.05). (3) The case group once sucked marijuana, the proportion of relatives and friends taking drugs were higher than the control group (P <0.05). (4) Non-drug addicts are more confident than drug addicts in relying on others. Uyghur drug addicts trust others to score higher than those of other ethnic drug users (both P <0.05). (5) Self-esteem in case group was lower than that in control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The drug addicts are a special social group with obvious differences in psychology and the normal population. There are also differences among drug addicts in three ethnic groups. In the development of drug control strategies should be based on the characteristics of the population to take effective and meticulous psychosocial treatment, and pay attention to the intervention of high-risk groups.