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[背景]多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)作为阻燃剂被广泛使用,是广泛存在的环境污染物。已有研究发现,PBDEs对动物和人类的神经系统发育具有不良的影响。[目的]研究母乳中PBDE含量与幼儿社交和情感发展之间的关系。[方法]孕期感染和营养(PIN)及PIN婴儿研究[The Pregnancy Infection and Nutrition(PIN)and PINBabies studies]对北卡罗莱纳州一个队列的妊娠妇女及她们的孩子进行随访,直至36月龄,并采集产后3个月的母乳样本测定PBDEs。当孩子大约30个月龄时,由母亲协助完成婴幼儿社会与情感评估(ITSEA)(n=222)。在校正其他因素后,评价PBDE的5种同类物——BDEs 28、47、99、100和153与儿童社会和情感发育之间的关系。[结果]BDEs 47、99和100与外化行为增加,特别是活跃(冲动)的行为增加之间,具有微小的、不精确的然而持续正向关联。与那些母乳BDE-47含量低于均数的幼儿相比,行为外化组的幼儿T-得分为30～87,均数为47.8。经校正后,行为外化组幼儿分值较那些母乳BDE含量位于第3和第4四分位数的儿童得分分别高出1.6[95%CI:-1.2～4.4]和2.8(95%CI:0.1～5.7)。PBDEs与其他社会和情感发育之间无相关性。[结论]尽管上述研究结果并不精确,但依然提示在生命早期PBDE暴露与婴幼儿期活跃(冲动)行为增加之间,存在微妙的联系。这些结果尚需在其他纵向研究中进一步证实。
[Background] Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used as flame retardants and are widespread environmental pollutants. It has been found that PBDEs have an adverse effect on the development of the nervous system in animals and humans. [Objective] To study the relationship between the level of PBDE in breast milk and the social and emotional development of children. [Methods] The Pregnancy Infection and Nutrition (PIN) and PINBabies studies conducted a cohort of pregnant women and their children in North Carolina up to 36 months of age, Breast milk samples collected 3 months postpartum were collected to determine PBDEs. The mother assisted in completing the Social and Emotional Assessment of Infants and Toddlers (ITSEA) at approximately 30 months of age (n = 222). After adjusting for other factors, the evaluation of the five congeners of PBDEs - the relationship between BDEs 28, 47, 99, 100 and 153, and children’s social and emotional development. [Results] Between BDEs 47, 99 and 100 and the increase of externalization behavior, especially the increase of active (impulsive) behavior, BDEs 47,99 and 100 had slight and inaccurate but continuous positive correlation. Compared with those with less than average levels of BDE-47 in breast milk, the T-scores of children with behavioral disorders were 30-87, with a mean of 47.8. After adjustment, the scores of toddlers in the behaviorally externalized group were 1.6 [95% CI: -1.2 to 4.4] and 2.8 (95% CIs) higher than those of children with breast milk BDE levels 3 and 4, respectively 0.1 ~ 5.7). There is no correlation between PBDEs and other social and emotional development. [Conclusions] Despite the inaccurate results of the above studies, it is still suggested that there is a delicate relationship between PBDE exposure in early life and increased (impulsive) behavior in infancy. These results need to be further confirmed in other longitudinal studies.