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核或辐射紧急情况下,为避免不必要的辐射照射风险和有效支持现场减灾活动,应急工作人员的防护与安全是必须考虑的一个关键问题[1]。政府必须制定关于管理、控制和记录应急工作人员在紧急情况下所受剂量的计划,该计划必须由响应组织和雇主实施[2]。文献[3]介绍了日本东京电力公司(TEPCO)福岛第一核电站特大事故(以下或简称福岛事故)期间放射工作人员的受照情况和剂量管理措施,对改善应急照射剂量管理应关注的问题也进行了有益的探讨。现对其所涉问题进一步补充说明如下。1关于应急照射情况下的个人剂量参考水平
In the event of a nuclear or radiological emergency, the protection and safety of emergency workers is a key issue that must be taken into account in order to avoid the risk of unnecessary radiation exposure and effectively support on-site disaster reduction activities [1]. The government must develop a plan for managing, controlling and documenting doses to emergency workers in emergencies, which must be implemented by response organizations and employers [2]. Reference [3] introduced the radiation exposure and dosage management measures of radiation workers during the major accident of TEPCO Fukushima Daiichi NPP (hereinafter referred to as Fukushima accident), and pointed out that it is necessary to pay attention to the improvement of emergency radiation dose management The problem has also been a useful discussion. The problems involved are further complemented below. 1 Personal dose reference level for emergency exposure