多余人“是19世纪俄国贵族作家描写的一个文学典型。”多余人“的主要特征是与俄国政府疏远,脱离自己生活的环境(一般是指贵族生活的环境)。他身心疲惫,带有强烈的怀疑精神,言语和行动失调,不一致。这个”他“指的就是贵族知识分子。一般而言,他具有巨大的才能,但却不能公共服务中施展自己的才能。 The ”surplus people“ is a literary model portrayed by a Russian nobility writer in the 19th century. ”The main characteristic of the“ surplus people ”is the environment that alienates itself from the Russian government (usually the aristocratic life environment) With a strong skepticism, inconsistency in speech and deed, this “he” refers to an aristocratic intellectual, who, in general, has great talents but can not display his talents in public service.