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文章在史鹤凌与张永生碳减排超边际均衡模型基础上进行理论模型改进——将从高碳企业征收的碳税收入用于增加低碳能源市场的交易效率。结果证明采用此减排政策,可促使高碳市场结构转化为低碳市场结构,且避免政府选择“赢家”的低效性,更加重要的是,比起传统纯粹的碳税政策,可能增加社会总福祉。这是因为,碳税加上增加低碳能源市场的交易效率,不但考虑了碳排放的外部成本,也考虑了提高交易效率对提高分工的间接网络外部效益。数值模拟结果证明,一定条件下,增加低碳企业特有投入的生产弹性系数、市场能源转化率,或采取更有效增加交易效率的措施,利于减排政策的实施。
The article makes theoretical model improvement on the basis of the ultra-marginal equilibrium model of carbon emission reduction by Shi Heling and Zhang Yongsheng - carbon tax revenue collected from high-carbon enterprises is used to increase transaction efficiency in low-carbon energy market. The results show that the adoption of this emission reduction policy can promote the transformation of a high-carbon market structure into a low-carbon market structure and avoid the inefficiency of the government’s choice of “winner”. More importantly, compared with the traditional pure carbon tax policy, Increase the total social welfare. This is because carbon taxes coupled with increased transactional efficiency in the low-carbon energy market take into account not only the external costs of carbon emissions but also the external network indirect benefits of improving transaction efficiency and improving the division of labor. The numerical simulation results show that under certain conditions, measures such as increasing the production elasticity coefficient, market energy conversion rate, or adopting more effective transaction efficiency measures are beneficial to the implementation of emission reduction policies.