职业压力(Occupational Stress)一般是指当职业要求超出了员工正常的身心承受限度,迫使人们作出偏离常态机能的改变时所引起的压力。就其本质而言,它是过高的职业要求与不利的工作环境超出员工应对能力所致的心身负荷过重的现象。职业压力的来源包括工作负荷、工作条件与环境、工作角色、工作变化、工作关系、组织因素、个体因素及职业发展等方面。影响大量研究表明,职业压力对组织和个人都存在广泛的不利影响,与员工的缺勤率、离职率、事故率、工作满意度等息息相关,可能会固 Occupational stress generally refers to the stress that is caused when a job requirement deviates from the employee’s normal physical and mental limits and forces people to deviate from their normal functioning. By its very nature, it is a phenomenon of excessive body-load caused by excessive job requirements and unfavorable working conditions that exceed the employee’s ability to cope. Sources of occupational stress include workload, working conditions and environment, job roles, job changes, job relationships, organizational factors, individual factors and career development. Impact A number of studies have shown that occupational stress has widespread and adverse effects on both organizations and individuals and is closely linked to employee absenteeism, turnover, accident rates, job satisfaction, etc., and may be solid