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With the aid of analyses to landscape ecology in the highway region of the arid area in Xinjiang of China,vegetation type,soil type and land-use type were ascertained as environmental factors of highway Iandscape ecosystem fragility,and seasonal flood,blown-wind sand and alkali-salinization as disaster factors of highway engineering.All items of these factors constitute an objective hierarchy of evaluating landscape ecosystem risk of the highway region in the arid area.The weighted values of the items were determined according to the number of occupied area or length by them against each unit.The area or length was interpreted with the aids of GIS technology and gained by measuring in the highway reconnaissance.The results of the eco-environmental risk assessment of G315 Yitunbulake-Qiemo section in Xinjiang shows that eight units of Iandscape ecology can be sorted into four categories according to the differences of the fragility indices(ΣXiWi)and the disaster indices(ΣYiWj).