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褪黑素能调节多项生理功能,但其对妊娠结局的影响所知甚少。本研究旨在探讨补充褪黑素对12~13周龄的Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)和Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠妊娠结局的影响。动情前期确认后,每只雌性大鼠与一只同品种雄性大鼠同笼饲养过夜,第二天阴道涂片确认交配后,雌性大鼠转移至单独的代谢笼,WKY大鼠每天给予含0、25、50或100mg/kg褪黑素的饮水,SD大鼠则每天给予含0或100mg/kg褪黑素的饮水,从怀孕第一天持续至产后21天。记录母鼠体重、孕期、窝产仔数、仔鼠出生体重和出生后7~42d体重及仔鼠死亡率,使用重复测量的方差分析对数据进行分析。结果显示,与对照组相比,褪黑素组母鼠孕期体重增长较小(P<0.01),窝产仔数减少(P<0.01),仔鼠平均出生体重仅在100mg/kg褪黑素组显著降低(P<0.001),出生后7~42d仔鼠平均体重显著降低(P<0.01)。25和100mg/kg褪黑素组WKY仔鼠死亡率分别为9.5%和21.6%,且都发生在断奶21天后。以上结果提示,产前和产后补充褪黑素会严重影响WKY和SD大鼠窝产仔数、仔鼠生长和死亡率。
Melatonin regulates a number of physiological functions, but little is known about its effect on pregnancy outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 12-13 weeks. After the pre-estrus affirmation, each female rat was housed in the same cage with one male of the same breed overnight. After the vaginal smear was confirmed on the second day of mating, the female rats were transferred to separate metabolic cages. WKY rats were given a daily diet containing 0 , 25, 50 or 100 mg / kg of melatonin, while SD rats were given daily either 0 or 100 mg / kg of melatonin drinking water, from the first day of pregnancy until 21 days after delivery. The maternal body weight, gestational age, litter size, birth weight and postnatal day 7 to 42d body weight and offspring mortality were recorded, and the data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. The results showed that compared with the control group, the pregnant rats in melatonin group gained less weight during pregnancy (P <0.01), litter size decreased (P <0.01), and the average birth weight of pups was only 100 mg / kg of melatonin Group (P <0.001). The mean body weights of pups born after 7 ~ 42 days were significantly decreased (P <0.01). Mortality rates of WKY offspring in the 25 and 100 mg / kg melatonin groups were 9.5% and 21.6%, respectively, and all occurred 21 days after weaning. The above results suggest that prenatal and postnatal supplementation of melatonin can seriously affect litter size, pup growth and mortality in WKY and SD rats.