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茜草是我国传统中药材,近年来,其药材价格不断上涨,导致野生资源急剧减少,因此对其野生资源的遗传多样性进行评价,对茜草的资源保护、优良品种选育和开发利用意义重大。本文采用SCoT分子标记方法对陕西境内8个野生茜草居群64份种质进行了遗传多样性和遗传结构分析。结果表明,陕产野生茜草遗传多样性丰富,14条引物共扩增得到182条带,其中多态性条带163条,多态性百分比为89.56%;种群水平上Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)为0.293 6、Shannon指数(I)平均值为0.444 6、居群间遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.555 3、种群间基因流(Nm)为0.440 8;不同野生居群按遗传多样性水平排序为:安康>榆林>商洛>宝鸡>铜川>延安>渭南>咸阳。Mantel分析表明,陕产茜草野生居群间的亲缘关系与它们之间的地理距离存在显著的正相关性(r=0.776 4,P<0.05)。本文为陕产茜草野生居群的保护和资源利用提供了理论依据。
Rubiaceae is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine in our country. In recent years, its medicinal materials prices have risen sharply, resulting in a drastic reduction of wild resources. Therefore, evaluating the genetic diversity of wild resources has great significance for resources conservation, breeding and exploitation of Rubia cordifolia. The genetic diversity and genetic structure of 64 germplasms collected from 8 populations of wild grass in Shaanxi Province were analyzed by SCoT molecular marker. The results showed that the genetic diversity of wild madder in Shaanxi Province was rich, and 182 bands were amplified by 14 primers, of which 163 bands were polymorphic, with a percentage of 89.56%. Nei’s gene diversity index (H ) Was 0.293 6, Shannon index (I) was 0.444 6, Gst was 0.555 3, and gene flow (Nm) was 0.440 8 among different populations. The genetic diversity of different wild populations was ranked For: Ankang> Yulin> Shangluo> Baoji> Tongchuan> Yan’an> Weinan> Xianyang. Mantel analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.776 4, P <0.05) between the relatives of the wild populations of Rubiaceae and the geographical distance between them. This article provides a theoretical basis for the protection and resource utilization of the wild population of Rubia.