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目的了解四川省城乡孕妇孕前健康检查情况及影响因素并探讨其对策。方法 2011年11月至2012年4月采用单纯随机抽样以及整群抽样的方法,抽取四川省成都、内江、乐山、南充、眉山、自贡、资阳、遂宁八个地区的妇幼保健院和计划生育机构的孕妇2 000名,采用问卷调查的方法对孕妇进行出生缺陷一级预防的相关调查。结果发放问卷2 000份(城乡各1 000份),回收有效问卷1 974份,回收率98.70%。1 974名孕妇中,837名(42.40%)进行了孕前健康检查,其中城市513名(51.30%),农村324名(33.26%);计划怀孕妇女中未进行孕前健康检查的城市有170名(17.00%),农村有435名(44.71%);是否计划怀孕和个人对孕前检查的态度对城乡孕妇进行孕检均有影响;此外,年龄、家庭人均收入、家庭成员是否有出生缺陷以及是否为首次怀孕为影响城市孕妇参与孕检的因素。结论四川省城乡孕妇孕前健康检查率仍待提高,卫生计生部门需要继续加大宣传力度,有针对性的增强孕妇出生缺陷预防意识和参与孕检的主动性。
Objective To understand the pre-pregnancy health check-ups and the influencing factors of pregnant women in urban and rural areas of Sichuan Province and to explore the countermeasures. Methods From November 2011 to April 2012, MCH and family planning institutions in eight districts of Chengdu, Neijiang, Leshan, Nanchong, Meishan, Zigong, Ziyang and Suining of Sichuan Province were selected by means of simple random sampling and cluster sampling. Of pregnant women 2 000, using the method of questionnaire survey of pregnant women for primary prevention of birth defects related investigations. Results A total of 2 000 questionnaires (1 000 copies each in urban and rural areas) were issued, 1 974 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the recovery rate was 98.70%. Of the 1 974 pregnant women, 837 (42.40%) had pre-pregnancy health checks, of which 513 (51.30%) were in urban areas and 324 (33.26%) were in rural areas. Of the planned pregnant women, there were 170 17.00%) and 435 (44.71%) in rural areas. Whether the planned pregnancy and individual attitude toward prenatal examination affect pregnant women in both urban and rural areas. In addition, the age, average per capita family income, birth defects and whether or not the family members Pregnancy as a second pregnancy affect pregnant women in urban factors. Conclusion The prenatal checkup rate of pregnant women in urban and rural areas in Sichuan still needs to be improved. The health and family planning departments need to continue to step up publicity to enhance awareness of the prevention of birth defects in pregnant women and to participate in the pregnancy test.