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本文应用扫描电子显微镜对葡萄品种的花粉和花粉萌发形态进行了观察,看到不同品种花粉表面微观形态的差异,即花粉粒的形状、大小、花粉壁上纹饰及萌发孔的不同,这为我们鉴定葡萄品种提供了新的方法。从花粉在液体培养下萌发和在柱头上自然萌发的形态差异,可以明显看到蔗糖营养和水分对葡萄花粉萌发产生的影响。以上有关形态学的研究,对葡萄杂交育种将有一定的参考价值。近年来应用扫描电镜深入研究果树植物花粉形态并为解决果树种质资源的发生、分类和鉴定的研究报导在苹果属和梨属植物中较多,在葡萄属中虽有一些研究报导,但涉及鉴定葡萄品种的,有关花粉形态学的新材料不多,同时和杂交育种实践有密切联系的花粉萌发形态的研究更少。今年我们在1980年对花粉形态初步研究的基础上,又着重对鉴定葡萄品种和杂交育种有联系的花粉形态和萌发过程,进行了扫描电镜的观察,现将结果报告如下。
In this paper, the morphology of pollen and pollen germination of grape varieties were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The differences of the microscopic morphology of pollen grains, that is, the shape and size of pollen grains, the pollen wall ornamentation and the germination pores, Identification of grape varieties provides a new method. Pollen germination in the liquid culture and germination in the stigma of the morphological differences, we can clearly see the sucrose nutrition and moisture on the grape pollen germination. The above morphological studies on grape hybrid breeding will have some reference value. In recent years, the use of scanning electron microscopy in-depth study of fruit tree pollen morphology and fruit tree germplasm resources to solve the occurrence, classification and identification of the report in the apple and pear are more plants in the genus, although some studies have reported, but involved There are few researches on the morphology of pollen germplasm which is closely related to the hybrid breeding practice. This year, on the basis of preliminary studies on pollen morphology in 1980, we also focused on the observation of the morphology and germination of pollen associated with the identification of grape varieties and crossbreeding, and the results were reported as follows.