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目的了解2012年新碘盐标准实施后海盐县居民的碘营养状况,为调整碘缺乏病防治策略与措施提供依据。方法对324份盐业公司碘盐、890份居民户食用盐进行盐碘含量检测,对602名儿童进行甲状腺肿检查,对401名儿童、300名成人和172名孕妇尿样进行尿碘水平检测。结果盐业公司碘盐含量均数23.8 mg/kg,批质量合格率为100.00%。居民户食用盐盐碘含量中位数为22.2 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为95.51%,合格碘盐食用率为84.04%。8~10岁学龄儿童甲状腺肿大率为3.99%。尿碘中位数儿童最高为170.2μg/L,其次为成人148.5μg/L,孕妇最低为108.3μg/L,三类人群尿碘水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论居民户合格碘盐食用率略低于国家90%的碘缺乏病消除标准;儿童和普通成人的碘营养水平适宜,孕妇的碘营养水平不足。建议加强孕妇等重点人群碘营养监测,采取科学补碘防控措施。
Objective To understand the iodine nutrition status of inhabitants in Haiyan County after the implementation of the new iodized salt standards in 2012, and to provide evidences for the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods Iodine salt of 324 salt companies and salt samples of 890 households were tested for iodine and iodine content. 602 children were examined for goiter. Urinary iodine levels were measured in urine samples from 401 children, 300 adults and 172 pregnant women . Results Salt companies iodized salt content average 23.8 mg / kg, batch quality pass rate of 100.00%. The median iodine content of household salt was 22.2 mg / kg, the iodized salt coverage was 95.51%, and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 84.04%. Goatee rates in school-age children aged 8 to 10 years were 3.99%. The highest median urinary iodine was 170.2μg / L in children, followed by 148.5μg / L in adults and the lowest in pregnant women was 108.3μg / L. The urinary iodine levels in the three groups were significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusion The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt of residential households is slightly lower than the national elimination standard of 90% of iodine deficiency disorders. The iodine nutrition level of children and ordinary adults is suitable, and the iodine nutrition level of pregnant women is not enough. It is suggested to strengthen the monitoring of iodine nutrition in key population such as pregnant women and take scientific measures to prevent and control iodine deficiency.